I was watching a
television documentary about the terrific loss of life in a storm in Asia. The
conclusion was that many lives would have been saved if the weather experts had
used the word “Tsunami”, which ordinary people understood. Instead they talked
about “Severe Storm” which, to the villagers without television and relying on
word of mouth or the radio, did not.
So, what about
other terms weather experts might use - and which might help us in understanding emergency planning in our local area?
For example, the
terms “winter storm” and “blizzard” seem interchangeable and often thought to
be the same thing. In actuality, there are only a few differences between them
that classify them as a different type of storm from the other. So what are
these differences between a winter storm and a blizzard?
Winter
Storm
A winter storm
can drop a significant amount of snow on a region, in some cases up to 50cm or
more over a period of time. Winter storms also can produce a variety of other
precipitation such as freezing rain, ice pellets or even rain, depending on the
temperature. Ice storms might form during a winter storm if there is a sudden
drop in temperature, enough so that the rain freezes and accumulates rapidly.
Blizzard
A blizzard
differs from a winter storm by the length of time it lasts, usually several
hours to several days duration. Blizzards always have a heavy snowfall amount,
high winds, generally in excess of 56 km an hour, with visibility at less than
half a kilometer. A blizzard’s winds can pick up snow that is already on the
ground and blow it around causing whiteout conditions, making it impossible to
drive.
The wind is the
greatest factor in determining a blizzard over a winter storm, but temperature
can play a factor as well. The colder temperatures can freeze exposed skin for
those trapped outside in vehicles or walking. However, it is the prolonged
exposure to the elements that can cause the damage, as snow does not fall in
extremely cold temperatures.
Dangers
of Winter Storms or Blizzards
The primary
dangers associated with winter storms or blizzards are the heavy snowfall
amounts, the cold temperatures (especially if your vehicle is stuck on the
road) and the high winds in a blizzard. High winds and heavy snow can cause
power outages for days, frostbite can occur on exposed skin and even roof
collapses due to the weight of heavy snow are possible.
It is important
to monitor news and radio reports of approaching winter storms or the potential
for blizzards and be prepared for them when they occur. If possible, stay at
home and don’t drive or walk during a storm and have enough food, medical
supplies and batteries to last the duration of the storm and for at least 5
days after it has passed.
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Photo courtesy of: Hampshire Snow Clearance www.HampshireSnowClearance.co.uk